Reinforcement Rods Used In Building Construction

On this post i will be writing on the various types of reinforcement rods usually referred to as Rebar Steel for building construction. I am making this post based on a question i got from one of my readers.

Well, before i am going to writ about types of reinforcement rods used for building construction, i would like to say a little about reinforcement rods!

What are Reinforcement Rods?

Reinforcement steels are also known as Rebar steel, Reinforcing bar or reinforcement steel.They are usually made of steel and takes part in every construction works around us today!

A Rebar steel steel may appear on foundation footing (depending on the design and strength of soil), must appear on columns, Beams and slabs (For storey buildings)

Now Whats are the various types Of Rebar Steel used in Building construction?

Types Of Rebar Steel Used In Building Construction

1. Mild Steel Bars

For building construction, Mild steel Bars are used for their high resistance to Tensile stress and forms a major component of Reinforced Cement Concrete Beams, slab or column.

A Mild steel is usually plain surfaced and round. They are smooth and can be easily bent.

You will find Mild steel bars are usually found when iron benders are about to tie rods for a construction work.

The diameters could be in the range of 6mm, 8mm, 10mm, etc depending on the nature of work 

2. High Yield Reinforcement Steel Bars

High Yield Reinforcement steel bars are usually known for their rugged and patterned designs. During construction, they are usually placed Vertically and known as main bars while a mild steel is used as distribution bar!

High Yield Reinforcement bars are usually found in diameters such as 10mm, 12mm, 16mm, 24mm, etc!

High Yield Reinforcement steel is one of the types of rod for building construction!

3. Structural Steel

These are usually for making structural steel shapes. Structural shapes are profiles formed with a specific cross section and must fall within a certain for Mechanical Properties and Chemical composition.

So these are the types of reinforcement bar used in building construction i can think of for now maybe with time, i will update after a little time!

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How to Buy Anything Without stepping Out from Home In Abuja

Are you looking for an Errand Person to help you get anything you need around Abuja? 

Are you looking for a reliable person to assist you with groceries, deliver stuffs to your clients or get stuffs from clients for you?

Well, search no further cos I've got what you've so long searched for.

I introduce to you Send Me Girl Concierge and Errand Services. I never believed a Nigerian would be so honest till I decided to use 'Send Me Girl'.

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Sorry For The Disruption Dearies

We are still moving forward dearies, just linked or redirected to a new domain..

So do not feel sad when you are redirected to the new domain henceforth!

The current change is to enable us serve you better.

Do not worry, i promise you mind blowing tips henceforth!

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Plumbing: What Is The Cost Of Plumbing Material For 2 Bedroom Flat?

To all my fervent readers, i greet you all for always being here even though i left for a while. Truth is i have been battling with some health issues for sometime now. On this post today i will be discussing on the cost of plumbing materials for 2 bedroom flat and this is meant for those in Nigeria Only. 

However, if you are a Nigerian Living Abroad/ Overseas and would like to have an idea on what it would cost to install Plumbing materials on your building back home, then this is for you. I will be making a list of Plumbing materials you'll need in your home as well as the cost of workmanship.

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Latest Scholarships Around The World

1. University of Chicago: UChicago is ‘Need aware’. They are very generous with aid and usually finance the tuition fee, cost of living, books and personal expenses. In addition to financial aid, UChicago offers Merit scholarships are partial-tuition scholarships. The vast majority of doctoral students receive a full, five-year package, including tuition and a stipend. Master’s programs differ more widely, with many offering some merit aid awards, and a few offering need based aid.

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Price Of Trip Of Sand In Nigeria

This is going to be a very short post, but then I'm going to ensure it gives you the Information you're looking for. This is a post about Price of trip of sand in Nigeria.

I'm writing on price of trip of sand in Nigeria in order to help those planning to build know exactly what to spend as far as buying of sand is concerned.

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Flooding: Meaning, Causes And Prevention Of Floods In Nigeria

I am a Nigerian, this is no news! Its also not news that a great part of most Nigerian states gets submerged in flood when it starts to rain real hard from the months of  July, August, September, etc. Now on this blog i am going to talk about floods, the meaning of flood, causes and 10 smart prevention to flood.

Lets talk about floods!

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Top 20 Road Construction Equipments Brilliantly Explained

Today on www.guardianconstructions.com i'm going to make a list of top 20 equipment used in road construction. I am making this post with the sole aim of bringing this knowledge to those that has no other means of having it other than the internet.

Before I list the top 20 equipments used in Road Construction, let's first understand a few things.

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5 Steps To Keeping Your Septic Tank Healthy

As you know, I've written a few blogposts on cost estimates of septic tank which I guess provides a very good insight for my Nigerian readers. Today, I'm going to chip in something I know will be beneficial to everyone out there regardless of where you're reading from. This is going to be about keeping your septic tank healthy.

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What Are The Importance Of Setting Time Of Cement?

Today i will be talking about the importance of setting time of cement. This is important for you as a foreman because without the knowledge of setting time of cement, a lot of mistakes could be made that would result to total waste of materials (Concrete, Mortar) on site. 

On This post, you'll understand the meaning of Initial setting time Of Cement

You will understand the different types of setting time of cement.

You are also going to understand the importance of Initial and final setting time of cement

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How To Estimate Quantity Of PVC Ceiling For Self Contain

While brainstorming on the next topic to write for you my audience, i remembered i have never written anything about Roofing as well as Ceiling and so today i  want to give us a quick guide on calculating the number of PVC Ceiling required for a self contain.

If you're looking for how to estimate the exact number of pvc ceiling to buy for that self contain you're building, then this post is for you.

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3 Business Ideas For Young Entrepreneurs In Nigeria

If you're considering enterpreneurship as a young Nigerian graduate, I'll like to make it clear that you're thinking right because the labour market of Nigeria is over saturated. Even the employed ones are looking for employment. Lol. On this post, I'm going to on this post, give you 3 business ideas for young entrepreneurs in Nigeria and I hope you'll see the need to take action quickly.

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How To Get Strong And Reliable Wooden Doors At A Reduced Cost

On this article I'm going to show you how to get strong and reliable Wooden doors at a Reduced cost. I learnt this the hard way, so I wouldn't want to have my readers go through the same headache.

How to Get Strong And Reliable Wooden Doors At A Reduced Cost

In order to get a strong and reliable door at a reduced cost, you must be ready to do things yourself.

So I'm going to make a list of actions I took to get this done myself.

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How To Estimate The Amount Of Cement Mortar Required To Lay Blocks

As a builder, experienced site engineer, i can tell you on this page that one of most difficult moment of a building contractor or a builder is that moment when the client asks "How many Blocks will i need to build my 2 bedroom flat?" or How many bags of cement will i need to mold blocks or How many bags of cement will i need to lay the block. A this point, most contractors become stunned, to save the day, they quickly say "I'll get back to you". With this post today, you'll be learning How to estimate the amount of mortar Required To Lay Blocks. 

This means that by the time you're done reading this post, you will be able to answer questions like: How many bags of cement do i need to lay the blocks? How many trips of sand do i need for the block work

Just sit back and learn with me.

How Many Blocks are there in One square metre?

When i wrote this article on how many block are there in 1 square metre, i explained that there are about 10 number of blocks in every 1 square metre.

Want More proof?

Ok, walk with me dear.

What is the area of one 9 inch block in Nigeria?

In Nigeria, the area of a 9 inch block = 450mm x 225mm. The product of this gives us 0.101m² isnt it?

Also Read: How To Calculate Materials for Plastering 2 bedroom flat

Now to get the number of blocks to cover 1 square metre, we simply divide 1m² by 0.101.

This gives us 9.99 isnt it? 

Can we just assume its 10 blocks since we cannot have 9.9 blocks?

Now lets see we can estimate the quantity of mortar required to law the blocks.

Before we proceed, lets quickly take a good look at the dimensions of a 9 inch block with voids (9 is very popular, known because it is usually used for building in Nigeria)

Having seen the above image comprising of the various sections of a 9 inch hollow block, lets calculate the area of the block that will receive mortar.

How to Calculate the amount of mortar required by a 9 inch block

Ab = Area of the whole block - area of Voids

Ab = (0.45 x 0.225) - 2(0.15 x 0.125) = 0.0637 m² 

Also Read: Current Price Of Building Materials In Nigeria

Whats the required thickness of martar?

The required thickness of mortar is usually 25mm

From the above, we can say that for every 9 inch block, there is need for 0.0637 x 25 and this gives us a 1.6m³ of mortar.

We will get back to this later on.

Now, let us assume that the mortar will be 25 mm thick

The typical arrangement of blocks in a one square metre wall is given below;

Having seen the arrangement of blocks in a square metre, the number of blocks, lets now calculate the volume of mortar for 1 square metre of block

From the vertical section of a 1 square metre wall, the volume of mortar will be:

Vertical Mortar Requirements = 8 x (0.025 x 0.225 x 0.275) = 0.0123 m³

Horizontal mortar Requirements = 10 x (0.0637 x 0.025) = 0.0159 m³

Now, Adding Vertical and Horizontal Mortar requirements, we get a total of  = 0.0282 m³

To go further, let us assume that we have 300 m² of wall, and we want to estimate the quantity of cement and sand for mortar needed to lay the blocks.

What Volume of Mortar is required to Lay Blocks on a 300m² wall?

The volume of mortar required = 0.03 x 300 = 9 m³

What is the Mix Ratio For Mortar?
Typical mix ratio for mortar (laying of blocks) is 1:6

Also Read: How To Calculate The Number Of Blocks Needed For Your Fence Project Measuring 100ft By 60ft

Materials For Cement Mortar

For Cement

Quantity of cement required = 1/7 x 1440 kg/m³ = 205.71 kg

Making allowance for shrinkage between fresh and wet concrete = 1.54 x 205.71 = 316.79 kg

Quantity of cement required in bags = 316.79/50 = 6.33 bags 

For 9m³ of Mortar;

You Must Provide = 9 x 6.33 = 57 bags of cement + allowance for waste as appropriate.

Also Read: How To Calculate Number Of Blocks To Fence One Plot Of Land

For Sharp Sand

Quantity of sand required = 6/7 x 1600 kg/m³ = 1371.428 kg

Making allowance for shrinkage between fresh and wet concrete = 1.54 x 1371.428 = 2112 kg

For 9m³ Of mortar;

You Must Provide = 9 x 2112 = 19004 kg of sharp sand + allowance for waste as appropriate.

So you can order 20 tonnes of sharp sand and 57 bags of cement for this job.

Now i am sure you understand How to estimate the amount of mortar Required To Lay Blocks (Cement and Sand) covering one square metre as well as make estimates for cement mortar.

Also Read: What Is The Cost Of Molding/Buying 500 Sandcrete Blocks in Nigeria?

Note: This post was made using a 9 inch block as a case study, the volume of mortar will differ if you're using a 6 inch hollow block. 

Also note that this post was made with the Nigerian contractors in mind.

Quickly fill this form to help us prepare the topic and send you a response as quickly as possible.

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Factors To Consider When Choosing Doors For Your Building

Here on Guardianconstructions, i am dedicated to providing the best and nothing but the best information at all times. In today's edition, i am going to be taking us through the factors to consider when choosing doors for your building.

Knowing the factors to consider will help you as a builder, would-be landlord know what to spend as well as know where best to go for the doors you've selected.

Also Read: Which Is The Best Soil For Filling In Building Construction

I am going to make this post with the mind that you intend fixing solid wooden doors in your property. With that said, i'll explain the things you must consider as well as do to be able to get good doors for your property.

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Differences Between Ordinary Portland Cement And Portland Pozzolana Cement

Cement is made by heating limestone (calcium carbonate) with small quantities of other materials (such as clay) to 1450°C in a kiln. The resulting hard substance, called 'clinker', is then ground with a small amount of gypsum into a powder to make 'Cement', the most commonly used type of cement. This cement is called Ordinary Portland Cement

Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) is the most common cement used in general concrete construction when there is no exposure to sulphates in the soil or groundwater.

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How To Calculate Number Of Blocks To Fence One Plot Of Land

When we talk about Fencing projects, I know someone would want to wonder why fencing is very important to us. Well, fence is very important as it helps secure your plot of land from encroachment. Now I am going to write on how you could easily calculate the number of Blocks Required to Fence a Plot Of land with ease.

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Vacancy: Federal University Of Petroleum Technology Recruiting Teaching And Non Teaching Staffs

As the title clearly states, Federal University Of Petroleum Resources ,FUPRE is currently inviting Application from suitably qualified candidates to fill the following vacancies in the Federal University of Petroleum Resources.

1) Director, Health Services (CONMESS 7: N6,350,017 ÷ 12)

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Plastering: How To Calculate Materials for Plastering 2 bedroom flat

If you've been a fervent follower of this blog, you'll be able to testify to the fact that what I write here is what is relevant to you, to me, to every one involved in the development if properties especially in Nigeria and Africa as a whole. Having said that, I'll like to write about another aspect of building that I know most people won't like to talk about. I want to talk about How To Calculate Materials for Plastering 2 bedroom flat.

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What Is The Difference Between RC Slab And RB Slab?

I Bet you've read my previous post where i answered a very important question "What is the price of building materials in Nigeria" it is a very honest answer to whatever question you may be having about building materials in Nigeria (Not all building materials were listed except the most important ones)

Well, i stumbled upon the question ( What is the difference between Reinforced Concrete Slab and Reinforced Brick Slabs and i've come here to provide the answer to that in order to clear whatever doubts you may have.

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Costing: Current Price Of Building Materials In Nigeria

As a an I tending landlord or landlady, I know one of the most important questions you currently ask is "What is the current cost of Building Materials In Nigeria". Well, on this post, I'll break down the current cost of building materials in Nigeria in order to make it easy for you to calculate the cost of buying all necessary materials required to build your mansion

I'll list different building materials as well as mention their prices for you in order to make it easy for you to be able to have an advantage when you're getting your materials from market.

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Sponsored: How to Make Money Online with Yoonla Evolve

Make Money With Yoonla Evolve. The easiest CPA marketing on the internet. Yoonla is a fantastic program especially for those who are looking to start living the digital lifestyle!

Yoonla was launched in September 2016 by Reno Van Boven, Reno is a renowned digital entrepreneur and who has been living the digital lifestyle for nearly 12 years now.

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What Is Plain Cement Concrete And Where Is It Used In Construction?

In order to answer this question, i would like to categorically make it clear that PCC Stands for Plain Cement Concrete while RCC stands for Reinforced Cement Concrete. While i explain the difference between this two, i'll like to make it clear that you may encounter some funny words as you read this post. lol

Now, let me make this clear for us all. Just read slowly while i explain the difference between PCC and RCC.

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Find Out How Long It Takes To Build Your 3 Bedroom Flat In Nigeria

Hello everyone. Today on guardianconstructions i want to talk about how long it takes to completely build a 3 bedroom flat in Nigeria. I decided to talk about this because a lot of readers have been asking questions in that area and as usual my answers has always been direct since i have nothing to hide.

Truth is that in construction of buildings, the rate at which your work goes is highly dependent on 2 main factors. These i'll quickly explain before the main article

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Top 5 Businesses You Can Start With Less Than N300,000

On this Blog, I'm going to make a list of businesses you can start with less than N300,000. I decided to write because I know this is the time where a great number of Nigerians are looking for how to invest the little they have in order to make more.

I'll also like to make it known that non of the ideas listed here makes you rich automatically. It takes time yo make good money you know... Lol.

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5 Reasons Why Sand Is Added To Concrete

I just stumbled upon the question "Why is sand added to concrete? On Quora and so I think there might just be several other people out there with a similar question and so I decided to bring it closer for you my reader too.

On this Post, I'll explain the reasons why sand is always added to concrete

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What Is The Number Of Tiles Required For 3 Bedroom Flat In Nigeria

Welcome to another exciting article on this blog, this time i would be talking about another important aspect of building that matters to you as a client and as a building contractor. In the past, i got a lot of phone calls, Whatsapp and text messages asking for an estimated cost of tiling a building. One of the people that contacted me said he's been spending a lot of cash on his tiler who always keeps asking for more pocket of tiles. He's obviously been cheating right? Well, i know there are several others out there being cheated on the issue of tiling and so i have come with this article on "What Is The Cost Of Tiling 3 Bedroom Flat In Nigeria".

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7 Factors That Affects The Cost Of Building 3 Bedroom Flat In Nigeria

Hi everyone, i really appreciate your calls and emails asking for different stuffs from cost estimation to my opinion and suggestions, it really means this blog is reaching the right ones at the right time and for this reason, i want to make make a post on factors that may affect the cost of building a 3 bedroom flat in Nigeria.

I decided to make this post because i was recently working on a site when someone came complaining that the cost used to build his own house is far higher than what has been spent on the one i was working on.

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What Is The Difference Between Mortar, Cement, Concrete and Cement Paste

Today i want to answer one important question that has always occurred to me when i try to brainstorm on some new topics to write on my blog. Its a question that might be of great importance to you as a civil engineering student also. The question is "What is the difference between Concrete, Cement Paste and Mortar?"

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Surest Way To Earn Bitcoin Without Spending A Dime

Do you wonder where you can get some free bitcoins? For many of us, the discovery of Bitcoin is like the discovery of organic foods. We can see the benefits of using them but find it difficult to justify the cost, and then there is the risk that we’ll be getting a bad deal since we don’t know what we’re doing.

In Bitcoin, it’s like every organic food store has someone out front, offering free samples. Also, there’s a library everywhere you look, but only a few of those libraries have any good information. 

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13 Types of Cement In Civil Engineering And Their Uses

There are over 10 types of Cement in Civil Engineering. Some are however not used in everyday civil works as they're only required for special cases.

13 Types of Cement In Civil Engineering And What They're Used For

On this post, I'll make a lost of 13 types of cement used in Civil Engineering Works. This is however not the final list as I know there might be other types of cement that I'll encounter someday as I continue to Practice in the Engineering field.

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Top 5 Loads In Every Civil Engineering Structure

Have you ever come across the word "Load"? Do you ever wonder what it means when someone, maybe a lecturer mentions Design load or similar terms such as Live loads, Dead Loads, etc? It is a post about Top 5 Loads in Every Civil Engineering Structure

Well, worry no more because on this post, i am going to explain each one of these loads as it applies to Civil Engineering Structures.

Top 5 Loads In Every Civil Engineering Structure

Here is a list of 5 most common loads that exists in  and affects every Civil engineering structure.

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Load Bearing Masonry Construction - Why They're Fading Away

Today i want to talk about something that will reveal a lot of things to you and i as i believe we're all students no matter what level of education we may have attained. You know i did not go to school right? Lol. So i want to talk about load bearing masonry construction. Just a few tips about it.

Load Bearing Masonry Construction

Load Bearing Masonry Construction is like the most commonly used form of construction adopted by builders who lived in the 1700s. The use of Load Bearing Masonry Construction dragged to about 1900s and since 1900s, its no commonly used anymore unless for small residential structures as we have in Nigeria and other parts of the world today.

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How To Calculate The Number Of Blocks Required For Your 3 Bedroom Flat

Today on guardianconstructions i will be discussing on how to calculate the number of blocks required for your 3 bedroom flat. This estimate would be based on the fact that a lot of my readers have been asking questions on how they can calculate the number of blocks required to build a 3 bedroom flat.

In order to calculate the number of blocks required, there is need to to have a plan at hand. The plan is what is required to work out the number of blocks for any building construction since all building dimensions are never the same.

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Which Is The Best Soil For Filling In Building Construction

Sometimes on site, we encounter different situations that really brings us so much confusion and sand filling is such a situation since we might not be able to tell the right type of sand to use for filling. 
This however depends on the nature of the kind of soil that is prevalent in the area.

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Cost Estimate For Construction Of Septic Tank In Nigeria

Now lets talk a little about soakaways or septic tanks but this time, i am going to talk more on what it would cost or lets just say the cost estimate to construct a good soakaway for your building. 

On this post, you will get an insight on the materials required to build a specified size of soakaway as well as the quantity of materials necessary for this construction.

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The Real Meaning Of Septic Tank

Today on Guardianconstructions i am going to be talking a lot about septic tanks. I will be discussing what this word means because i have seen a lot of people design septic tanks in the name of soak away, i have also seen people design these wrongly without considering several factors.

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5 Important Factors To Consider Before Buying A Plot Of Land In Nigeria

On this post i would like to answer one question i got a while ago. The question was on factors to be considered before buying a plot of land in Nigeria and i believe with the help of this post, i'll be able to give a better answer.

In Nigeria, there are many reasons why one may decide to buy a plot of land. As you know, land has a lot of uses which could be industrial, domestic and what have you.

Well, there are several factors to be considered, but for the sake of clarity, i will just pick 5 of these factors while listing out the others.

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5 Important Roles Of A Site Engineer In A Construction Site

To my inestimable viewers, i wish you a very happy and prosperous new year. I Hope you enjoyed your holidays and saw your relatives as well?

Today On guardianconstructions i want talk about resident engineers or site engineers as they may be called and 5 roles or duties of a site engineer in a construction site. Before i begin, i would like to throw more light on who a site engineer really is.

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Top 10 Uses Of Excavators On A Construction Site

Another Construction equipment or machine i would want to talk about is the Excavator. On my other post, i talked about graders and their importance in a construction site and also made a few description of a grader and i would be doing so for excavators on this page.

In order for us to begin, i want to first define an excavator.

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7 Steps To Prevent Collapse Of OverSite Concrete

On this post, I'm going to give a very simple definition for over site concrete. I'll also describe some important steps you must take in order to have a durable over site concrete in your building and I'm doing this because lately I began to see a lot of collapsed over site concrete.

So let's answer the first question...

What Is Over Site Concrete?

Over site concrete is a term used to describe a mass concrete laid after the damp proof course or DPC. 

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Power Generation: Examples For Nigeria To Follow.

Distinguished ladies and gentlemen, please permit me to use this medium to expose the recent methods of energy generation around the world and how Nigeria could learn from this.
I am a Nigerian, I've lived in Nigeria and currently lives in Nigeria and would continue living here till only heaven knows when.

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Top 22 Construction Equipments And Their Uses

Today on guardianconsructions.com, i will talking about construction equipment. I will make sure you understand the basic uses of most of the construction equipment you are likely to meet on a construction site.

But in order to do this, i think it's important that we understand a few things about construction equipment.

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How To Become a Registered Building Contractor?

Who is really a building contractor?
Building contractor is a phrase used to refer to people who submits a bid to undertake a construction project, he may also hire other contractor (A process known as subcontracting) for the execution of the contract if he/she actually happens to win the bid.

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Structures: What Are Framed And Load Bearing Structures?

On this post i am going to talk about the basic difference between a load bearing structure and a framed structure. I felt the need to do this because i have seen a lot of load bearing structures designed in places where a framed structure would have been the better option.

What is a Load Bearing Structure?

A Load bearing structure is best described as any structure in which walls bears all loads resting upon it. The wall also does the job of transferring these loads which include all live and dead loads imposed on the building to the foundation.

Picture 1 Showing a load bearing wall

Where are Load Bearing Structures Applicable?

Load Bearing walls are usually applicable for low height buildings.

Load bearing walls are also on low height buildings constructured on soils with a good bearing capacity.

load bearing walls are usually good for buildings not exceeding 2 storeys

load bearing structures are safe if the soil bearing capacity of 100KN/M

What Are Framed Structures

A Framed structure is one in which structural members such as columns, Beams, slabs etc are first cast monolithically before the main walls are installed. The structural members have their basic skeleton made of reinforced concrete or steel members designed for the purpose of transferring all loads both dead and live to the foundation or ground.

Picture 2 Showing a framed structure

When Should I Design For framed structure?

A Framed structure is usually applicable where high rise buildings are constructed

Complex structures such as malls, religious buildings also deserves to be designed as framed structures.

A Structure should be designed as framed if the soil bearing capacity is below 100KN/m

Differences between Framed and Load bearing Structures

One of the difference between a framed and load bearing structures Includes:

1. A framed structure is usually more stable than a load bearing structure.

2. The main element on a load beading structure is just the wall

3. On a load bearing structure, the walls carries the load while the beams, columns does that for framed structures

4. Load bearing structures are usually donee where the building does not exceed 2 floors but framed structure is a must where more than 2 stories are to be constructed.

5. When soil bearing capacity falls below 100KN/M, Framed structure is to be adopted but if the soil bearing capacity is upto 100KN/M Or above it, load bearing structures is considered safe.

6. Framed structures has all its members castest monolithically (Picture 2 above) unlike the load bearing walls where sandcrete blocks are first introduced as we have in Picture 1 above

Now that is all you need to know regarding the question "what are framed and load bearing Structures" I have other interesting topics cooking somewhere. These would be here soon so i'll advise you keep a date with us.

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